Sunday, August 23, 2015

Warrants

Warrants
 A warrant is a detachable instrument issued along with bonds or preference shares. They give a 'right to buy' stated number of shares. they entitle the holder to buy a fixed number of shares at a predetermined price during some specified period of time.

Characteristics
  • Detached warrants can be traded as independent securities, but they have a predetermined life and expires at a certain date. They may also be perpetual warrants, which never expire.
  • Warrants are distributed to shareholders in lieu of cash or stock dividend or can be sold directly as a new security issue.
  • A warrant holder has no right unlike a shareholder. he never receives any dividend and has no voting right. Usually 1:1 is the rate of share to warrants
  • The exercise price of warrant is what the holder must pay to purchase the stated number of shares. The existence of positive premium on a warrant means that it will be more beneficial for the warrant holder to sell his warrant when he exercise it. The premium associated with a warrant shrink as the expiry date approaches.

Valuation of Warrants

S = Spot price of the share or current market price
X = Exercise price
N = Number of shares in a warrant

then
V= (S-X)N


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